Treaty of Alcáçovas
The Treaty of Alcáçovas (4 September 1479) between the Catholic Monarchs of Castile and Aragon on one side and Portugal's Afonso V and his son John, on the other ended the War of the Castilian Succession after a Castilian victory on the land and a Portuguese victory at sea. The treaties signed, subsequently ratified by the papal bull Aeterni regis (1481), recognised Isabella as Queen of Castile, gave the Portuguese free rein to continue exploring the African coast and guaranteed Castilian sovereignty in the Canaries.
Specifically:
- Juana de Trastamara and Afonso V waived their rights to the Castilian throne, while Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon gave up their rights to the throne of Portugal;
- The treaty divided the Atlantic Ocean and overseas territories into Portuguese and Spanish zones of influence. It recognised Castilian possession of the Canaries while Portugal retained possession of Madeira, the Azores, and the Cape Verde Islands. Portugal also had exclusive rights in the Atlantic Ocean south of the Canaries, including undiscovered territories.
- Juana de Trastámara had a choice between marrying Ferdinand and Isabella's son Juan or staying in Portugal and entering a religious order. She chose the nunnery.
- Ferdinand and Isabella's eldest daughter, Isabella, would marry Afonso's grandson (also named Afonso). The children would remain in Portugal until they were old enough to marry. Isabella's dowry was, effectively, war compensation paid to the Portuguese.
- Juana and Afonso's Castilian supporters were pardoned.
Sources:
Ace Archive.org: https://acearchive.org/treaty-of-alcovas
Encyclopedia Britannica: https://www.britannica.com/place/Spain/The-conquest-of-Granada#ref587498
Text of the Treaty: https://avalon.law.yale.edu/15th_century/sppo01.asp
Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Alc%C3%A1%C3%A7ovas
Links: :
War of the Castilian Succession
